Judicial Review The Face Of Legislative Inertia - 799 Words

Some might question why, even in the face of legislative inertia, courts can be trusted to resolve difficult legal questions. This argument misses the mark. First, the Court should decide legal questions that are suited for judicial review and that result in workable rules to guide lower courts, regardless of outcomes. In other words, this test speaks to ensuring fairer processes, not favorable outcomes. As Professor Issacharoff states, an â€Å"individual or a group should be allowed to participate in political decisionmaking regardless of whether it will make any difference to the result.† Other may claim this proposal would open the floodgates to litigation and unduly burden the federal courts. Such an argument fails to account for the substantial burden that this test places on litigants. Indeed, access to the courts would only slightly increase for a discreet class of litigants who can make a prima facie case that a challenged law violates a constitutional right. The additional requirements – the unavailability of redress in the legislature and the workability of a judicial resolution – would ensure that only meritorious cases presenting issues particularly suitable for judicial review would be heard. The upshot is that a relatively small but significant number of litigants would gain access the courts. In doing so, courts would strike to protect politically powerless and traditionally disadvantaged groups who are vulnerable to the abuses of entrenchedShow MoreRelatedThe Function of the Judiciary Within the Constitution of the United Kingdom2659 Words   |  11 PagesStephen lifted the veil in a way that might come as a surprise to those who suppose that judicial candour is a particularly modern prerogative: every decision on a debated point adds a little to the law by making that point certain for the future. Indeed, whichever way this case may be decided, it will settle the law upon precise point involved, and it is this which gives to judicial decisions their great importance[4] Yet, we still have not fully explored the implicationsRead Moretexas constution11227 Words   |  45 Pagesdesigners never completely rewrite the constitution with which they start. Fundamental and piecemeal changes as well as carry-over from previous constitutions are clearly evident in the seven constitutions under which Texas has been governed. Next, we review the structure and content of the current Texas constitution. Of special concern here is the length, detail and overall organization (or disorganization, as some critics might have it) of the fundamental plan of state government and cornerstone ofRead MoreDeveloping an Effective and Efficient Tax System in a Developing Economy - a Case Study of Ghana29843 Words   |  120 Pages |4-5 | |1.3 | |Significance of the study |5-6 | |CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW | |2.0 | |Introduction |7 Read MoreOverview of Hrm93778 Words   |  376 PagesDiscipline HR auditing Copyright  © Virtual University of Pakistan 5 Human Resource Management (MGT501) 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. HR control process Leadership Leadership in organization Employee separation International dimension of HRM Conclusion Review. VU Key Terms Human Resource Management The staffing functions of the management process. Or the policies and practices needed to carry out the â€Å"people† or human resource aspects of a management position, including recruiting, screening, trainingRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 PagesMark Rodol, took over as chief executive and launched a strategic review of the whole business. Rodol commented on Palumbo’s exit: James is an entrepreneur – but what is going to make this business great is a focused, long-term brand strategy. To his credit James has had the foresight to step aside and let the people who understand and believe this run the company. It’s about a difference in style.6 As to the strategic review, Rodol observed: Over the years, we’ve pursued a number of opportunities

Women s Education During The Middle East - 963 Words

No area of Saudi society has been liable to a larger number of debates than the women and their role in the advancement process. Besides, women rights and obligations issues have been similarly controversial among both conservatives and progressives in Saudi society. Before tackling women education movement in Saudi Arabia, it is important to go over some of the social and political incidents that have shaped Saudi women position. In the previous 50 years the Middle East has faced some real difficulties that have influenced all Middle Eastern countries and especially the Golf countries. Saudi Arabia, as other Gulf countries has encountered some real social changes. Most importantly, the discovery of oil in 1930s was a noteworthy event in the nation. The oil-created income in the mid 1970s presented substantial scale changes, including the opening of many schools to both young men and women. The financial change emerging from the huge income from oil offered ascend to a trend towar ds education abroad, and an adjustment in way of life, and these two changes influenced the entire structure of society (Yamani, 1996). Oil and its subsequent wealth unimaginably affected Saudi Arabia in a short period of time. Saudi Arabia started oil’s production in 1970 and the foundation of ARAMCO (Arabian American Oil Company) in Dhahran, a city on the east shoreline of Saudi Arabia where most American presence is located. A lot of American engineers and oil professionals brought theirShow MoreRelatedWomen in the Middle East During the Late 19th and Early 20th Century905 Words   |  4 PagesWomen in the Middle East During the Late 19th and Early 20th Century As a result of Western imperialism circa 1900, throughout the Middle East things began to change. European writers and tourists flooded into Middle Eastern countries and developed a very exoticized view of the men and particularly women who lived there. Ultimately the general consensus was that Middle Eastern women were oppressed by Middle Eastern men. Through the Western lens this perceived oppression was indicative of the â€Å"uncivilized†Read MoreWomen Of The Middle East937 Words   |  4 PagesThe women in the Middle East is less fortunate than any other women around the world. They was not giving the fair opportunity to develop their rights in the home, workplace or even have the opportunity to voice their opinion in politics (Elizabeth, 2010). Being a woman in the Middle East has always been one of the hardest things to endure starting as a child from punishment all the way down to adultery. There laws are one of a kind that has a wide range from the Islamic laws also known as the ShariaRead MoreDaily Life During The Middle Ages1076 Words   |  5 PagesDaily life during the Middle Ages is sometimes hard to fathom. Pop culture loves to focus on exciting medieval moments-heroic knights charging into battle; romantic liaisons between royalty and commoner; breakthroughs and discoveries made. But life for your average person during the Dark Ages was very routine, and activities revolved around an agrarian calendar. Most of the time was spent working the land, and trying to grow enough food to survive another year. Church feasts marked sowing and reapingRead MoreWhy Girls Are Not For The Middle East Essay1730 Words   |  7 Pagescounting, that are not in school; 3.2 billion including both women and little girls. Education is something taken for granted in first world countries, or countries in good development. Still, even in well developed parts of the world there is a huge hole between genders and what is to become of them. A big portion of this goes to the Middle East as we see that women do not have an appropriate part in society. Because of this we see billions of women and girls not going to school to continue their studies;Read MoreThe Rights Of Women1296 Words   |  6 PagesThe Rights of Women Growing up as a female you are constantly told that you have to dress a certain way, act a certain way, eat and sit a certain way just to be accepted by society. Society has and will always have a certain way a woman must act, speak, dress, etc. Historically women has always been inferior to men, held at a lower standard than men. Women were looked at as being the source to evil and temptation. In Christianity Eve was the one who picked the forbidden fruit and tempted Adam toRead MoreWomen Are Oppressed And The Middle East890 Words   |  4 Pagesour mind about the Middle East (Iraq, Afghanistan and Iran)? Do you think of unequal treatment for women? Do you think of terrorist? There a lot of stereotypes when we think about the Middle East. Sometimes, we cannot always believe what we hear on the news. The stereotypes that we commonly use is that women are being oppressed, and the whole country is filled up with terrorists. Why do we think that women are oppressed in the Middle East? One way that we could think that s women are oppressed is becauseRead MoreTaking a Look at the Unequal Treatment of Women in Developing Countries in the Middle East and in the North African Region1641 Words   |  7 Pagescultures around the world. While many first world countries have made great strides of improvement in the area, like America’s 19th amendment allowing women to vote in 1920, or England’s National Union of Women’s Suffrage Society formed in 1897, developing countries in the Middle East and North African region continue to struggle with the issue. Not only do women in MENA regions have to contend with extreme social prejudices and constant harassment, they also are treated as second class citizens in theRead MoreA Thousand Splendid Suns Report1455 Words   |  6 PagesWomen’s Rights in the Middle East† The Middle East is notorious for holding women to a lower social status than men. Middle Eastern women have not been allowed to flourish as individuals for hundreds and thousands of years. In her detailed journal on women in the Middle East, Haleh Afshar explains, â€Å"For too long, the analytical parameters for understanding citizenship, identity and the processes of war and migration have been set up by men† ( 237). Either these women rebel or protest againstRead MoreWomen s Education : An International Human Right Without Any Discrimination Based On Sex895 Words   |  4 PagesWomen`s education is an international human right without any discrimination based on sex or gender. It is necessary for identity social development and a means for a prosperous life. Constantly, the United Nations emphasized women`s education and set goals for its success with gender equality. Empowering women`s education is an essential element in growing societies that seek democracy and eco nomic advancement. For the last decade, Palestinian women education had been the concern for several reasonsRead MoreWomens Rights in the 1940s Illustrated in Kate Chopins The Story of an Hour794 Words   |  4 PagesIn â€Å"The Story of An Hour† by Chopin illustrates the role of woman in marriage and in the society during her time. It demonstrates the issue of male dominance. There are some similarities and differences in the role of woman in marriage and in the community in 1940’s compared to the way women are treated today. And these are seen in the rights of women and in the responsibilities regarding family and marriage. We read â€Å"A story of an hour† written by Kate Chopin. It is about a young married woman

Understanding the Phenomena of Globalization Free Essays

Throughout history books examples of early globalization can be found. One example dates back to the Middle Ages when the Silk Road was used as a trade route from China to Europe. Another example of early globalization was the Triangle Trade Route which was used to exchange goods to and from Europe, Africa, and the Americas. We will write a custom essay sample on Understanding the Phenomena of Globalization or any similar topic only for you Order Now These early examples paved the road for globalization as we understand it today. Over the years trade has continued to grow to every part of the world. In recent years the growth of globalization has been phenomenal. Technological advancements have played a key role in the expansion of globalization. The internet allows for trade to occur across the world in a matter of seconds. Technology has connected people in recent years like never before. Another improvement that has had a positive impact on globalization is better and faster methods of transportation. The planes and ships built today are quicker and larger than the ones used in the past and make trade even easier. One final reason globalization has grown so much recently is the policies countries have put in place to promote cross-border trade, and investments. Even though globalization continues to expand not all effects of recent globalization have been positive in the United States. Because of increased competition some corporations that began in the United States have moved to other countries. One example is Burger King. In 2014 they moved their headquarters to Canada. The dog food company Purina, which was established in 1894 in Saint Louis, merged with Nestle which then moved its headquarters to Switzerland in 2001. Another example is Fruit of the Loom which moved to the Cayman Islands. These are just of the few of the many companies that have moved out of the United States for many reasons. Some of those reasons include cheap labor and avoiding high taxes. Some companies have chosen to move factory jobs that were based in the United States to Mexico in recent years. The global economy is making it harder for some companies to keep jobs based in the United States. There are many reasons businesses say they leave to set up factories in Mexico. One reason was in order to remain competitive they needed to lower production costs. Factories based in Mexico can pay lower wages and still be close to the United States. A branch of Nabisco which had been making oreo cookies in Chicago, Illinois since 1953 closed in 2016 and relocated to Mexico. Chowchilla brake parts also chose to relocate to Mexico. When questioned about why the move was necessary company representative were quoted as saying, † There’s no way that U.S. workers are going to work for $3.50 or $4.00 an hour, and that’s the reality of the situation.† So what happens to the towns that are left behind? The loss of a corporation can also have a huge impact on the place that suddenly loses a business that has been based in an area for many years. Unemployment rises due to the amount of people suddenly left without a way to earn a living for themselves and their families. The loss of a corporation can also have a huge impact on the place that suddenly loses a business that has been based in an area for many years. One example of the devastating effect the loss of industry can have on a town is Bruceton, Tennessee. In the 1990’s jobs began leaving as layoffs rose and factories closed to go elsewhere. The Henry Siegal company had three large factories based here that produced jeans and suits. In 2000 the last of the factories closed its doors for good. Since then the entire town has struggled for survival. The factories remain empty and abandoned as they fall apart. Businesses located downtown began to close. The bank, supermarket and clothing store that once were located downtown are no gone and a parking lot has taken their place. It looks like a ghost-town now just like so many other small rural towns across the country today. However some towns have made it through these tough times by reinventing themselves. Cleveland and Pittsburgh who once led the way in manufacturing have now begun to fill the gaps in their economy that the loss of industry has left behind with successful robotics and biotechnology facilities that have provided much needed jobs to these areas. Towns are now faced with finding alternatives to working in factories to earn a living. Finding alternatives help to lower the high rates of unemployment that occurs when these industries leave. When companies move overseas from the United States the country that the corporations move to also experience some changes. The culture of a place can be impacted by the company moving in. Many times corporations that move overseas bring with them many new jobs. This can lay a huge role in the culture of an area. More jobs lead to more income which can impact life for people living here. Usually when corporations move some employs move with the company as well. These people will bring with them aspects of their own culture such as food and clothing that can spread to others living here. The spread and integration of cultures often occurs when companies move to different parts of the world. Many people believe the world has entered a new phase in its economic development. For example from just 1997 to 1999 flows of foreign investment has nearly doubled from, $468 billion to $827 billion. Many observers have seen this and say that globalization in now â€Å"faster, cheaper, farther, and deeper†. Globalization today has been driven by policies that have opened economies domestically and internationally. During the past two decades many governments have adopted free-market economic systems, increasing their own productive potential and creating new opportunities for international trade and investment. Governments have also negotiated dramatic reductions in barriers to commerce and have established international agreements to promote trade in goods, services, and investments. Globalization is puzzling at times but it is also fascinating to see how it has changed and expanded over time. There was a time when people believed the world was flat and a lot smaller than it actually is. Today we can communicate with people all over the world with the click of a button and we can travel anywhere in the world. It is hard to imagine how globalization will continue to expand in the future, but with advancements in technology there are so many possibilities for the future. The world is more connected than ever before. There are opportunities for globalization continue to improve the world market. How to cite Understanding the Phenomena of Globalization, Papers

Social Effects And Factors Of Accounting †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Social Effects And Factors Of Accounting. Answer: Introduction There has been a growth in demand of sustainable behaviour special interest with respect to environment and social effects on businesses (Reverte, 2008); therefore this research has been carried out to assess the factors of accounting exposure of emission rights. For carrying out this research, there have been 119 businesses used from all over the world for the face of year 2011 (Gallego-Alvarez, Martnez-Ferrero and Cuadrado-Ballesteros, 2016). The findings of this research depict various accounting treatments which are based on different factors. Particularly, all the businesses which are from nations that have already implied environmental trading schemes (ETS)have a tendency to record emission rights by use of provisions, inventory and investments. From the different environmental issues, this paper focuses on carbon care emissions, which have been in focus from Kyoto protocol starteddebateonpublicationofvarious lawsinnational and international levels. It had set up emissions business way to deal with worldwide guess emissions. After that, there has been a rise in business rules and regulations and suggestions. latelymilestone was achieved in Paris wins 195 nations gave consent for limiting their carbon emissions through the Paris agreement 2015, along with the USA thatwas verymuch reluctant to use such contracts.Stilla major point that has to be considered is to see the way in which the carbon gas emissions can be reflected in terms of accounts. As per these contracts and agreements, it is important that the parties to agreement define the related models, principles, rules,lawsand guidelines for verifying, reporting and accounting for emissions;howeverthe international standards are not very much developed on this issue. Motivation through Agency Theory Agency theory is applied here to know the relations among agents and principals. The agent symbolizes the principal in a specific trade transaction and is likely to characterize the welfare of the principal with no consideration for self-interest. The diverse motivations of principals and agents may turn out to be a basis of conflict, as a few agents might not completely proceed in the principal's most excellent interests. Practical Motivation The business firms are major source of the emitting carbon therefore these are having high potential for bringing necessary amendments for reduction of carbon in the environment. The businesses are under rising pressure to show their commitment for minimisation of carbon impacts. By ETS the firms are allotted a given quota for emitting gases and this quota is decided by their respective country's environmental policies. As per this quarter trading, the firms have to perform their operations in a fresh manner so that new knowledge and skills can be developed. Theoretical Motivation: In the middle of 1990s, the UN framework Convention on the climate changes i.e. UNFCCC observed that there was a requirement of bringing limits to the emission of carbon. In the year 1997, the renowned Kyoto protocol was issued so that the greenhouse gas emissions could be lessened and there could be redistribution of expenses and costs linked with climate changes by shifting them from the word nations to the businesses that are actually accountable for such emissions and make profit out of them. But this protocol came into effect in the year 2005 and just 37 developed nations signed it. In this the China and the USA were the Nations which did not sign this protocol and they were the highly polluting nations. The first phase of compliance finished in the year 2012 and the subsequent phase of this protocol started in the year 2013. However still this protocol has very few nations playing to do it and these are just the developed nations (Bae Choi, Lee and Psaros, 2013). But lately in Paris, by the end of 2015 last number of nations of the world along with China and USA also signed the Paris agreement which is a substitution for this Kyoto protocol. So the Paris agreement is the worldwide contract for reduction of carbon emissions and its major benefit is that the nations are obligated to make an inventory which depicts the amount of net emissions. It also makes them firms to commit to maintain the global warming less than 2C. This agreement focuses on the net emissions and has led to the rise in financial funds given by the most developed and industrialized nations. Thus, these kinds of agreements have to be considered for determination of accounting approach for emission rights. Although the Paris agreement substitutes Kyoto protocol still the research which has been considered here is regarding Kyoto protocol because this research has been taken from the year 2011, until when the Paris agreement was not made (Phelps, 2014). Literature Review and Hypothesis Development Base theory Legitimacy Theory For assessing the hypothesis the first in this research, dependency model is suggested where dependent variables show the diverse accounting treatment of carbon emission rights and independent variables show the aspects that have effect on this treatment. The results are menace through leverage, size, sector and profitability. The hypothesis contains ETS, GRI indicators and Kyoto protocol.So, the relationship between the independent dependent variables can be shown by graduation as below: ACCOUNTANTi =0 +1ETSi + 2IGRI i +3INOGRIi + 4KYOTOi + 5Size +6Leveragei +7Profitabilityi + 8Sectori + i ACCOUNTANTi is the dependent variable that shows various manners of accounting treatment for carbon emission rights. It equals 1 in case the firm is treating it to be and expenditure and it turns out to be 2 in case this is seen as an intensive unless it. It equals 3 if it's observed as a provision and equals 4 when it's observed to be RD expenditures and 5 if it is observed to be any other entry like liability, investment or stock. Hypotheses ETSiis seen to be the dummy variable which would be equal to 1 when the phone is part of the nation which is already set up emissions trading arrangements, or else it would be zero (Black, 2013). IGRIi is variable which was the indicators regarding carbon emissions and climate change which are officially documented by the businesses as per the GRI regulations. To make this variable, there has been different sustainability reports of businesses considered from the sample so that the total direct and indirect emissions of carbon can be calculated by weight. Just like that, INOGRIi is a variable which shows different indicators regarding the gas emissions and climate change which have been documented officially by the business as per the report created by KPMG and GRI (Black, 2013). This research undertook the contents of sustainability reports of the sample businesses with different indicators. KYOTOiis a model/ dummy variable which would be equal to 1 in case the business is of a nation which is a part of this protocol, or else it would be zero. Apart from this all the results are managed by entering diverse variables which are size of the business, firms leverage which is decided as ratio of the total debts and Equity. Profitability I is the profitability of the businesses which is assessed by the EBIT and the sector is the whenever which shows various sectors which have to be consider while calculating the involvement of gas emissions. In this research the sample businesses are from different sectors which are Airways, paper products, aerospace, energy and defence, chemical, metals, Forest and crude oil production, mining and refining etc. Conclusion This research has laid stress on the accounting treatment of carbon emission quotas or their privileges. Since there has been very less attempt of determining the ways of accounting decisions for treatment of these, this study was attempted to respond to the below query: What aspects decide the various accounting treatment of emission principles on global extent? Also a study was performed with a sample of 119 global businesses in the year 2011, from which the results have been undertaken (Gallego-Alvarez, Martnez-Ferrero and Cuadrado-Ballesteros, 2016). There has been a dependence model suggested for considering the role played by different factors GRI and non-GRI signals, Kyoto protocols, ETS. This factor can have different roles in accounting treatment of carbon gas emission rights. This study also shows that the businesses which pertain to the nations having ETS have a tendency of accounting for these, particularly as a provision or by other entries like stocks, investments, loans etc. Similarly the businesses which have a disclosure on indicators of climate change and gas emission have a tendency treating these to be the research and development expenditures or any other kind of expenditures. A few of them might not even record them at all.Also the businesses which pertain to nations which have approved Kyoto protocol will have a tendency to just ignore them rather than using them as expense (Lippert, 2015). This outcome showed that there is huge diversity and accounting treatment of information rights and there is a negative impact of this diversity on stakeholders. The stakeholders find it hard to decide because of inadequate compatible information. Therefore it is important that international norms are standardised for accounting treatment of these gases. The stakeholders have to consider all these differences while making decisions because when various methods are utilised then there would the divergences in the financial statements (Kumarasiri and Jubb, 2016). It is important that the accounting entries are standardised so that corporate performances can be compared. It is also suggested that FASB, IASB and other international bodies bring any agreement so that this inconsistency of recording the carbon emissions can be standardised. If the accounting practices are not consistent, it would be difficult to compare the final reports (Lu, 2014). When the accounting standards for such emissions are made, then the financial users, stakeholders and employees can rightly assess the emission rights. References Bae Choi, B., Lee, D. and Psaros, J. (2013). An analysis of Australian company carbon emission disclosures. Pacific Accounting Review, 25(1), pp.58-79. Black, C. (2013). Accounting for Carbon Emission Allowances in the European Union: In Search of Consistency. Accounting in Europe, 10(2), pp.223-239. Gallego-Alvarez, I., Martnez-Ferrero, J. and Cuadrado-Ballesteros, B. (2016). Accounting Treatment for Carbon Emission Rights. Systems, 4(1), p.12. Kumarasiri, J. and Jubb, C. (2016). Carbon emission risks and management accounting: Australian evidence. Accounting Research Journal, 29(2), pp.137-153. Lippert, I. (2015). Environment as datascape: Enacting emission realities in corporate carbon accounting. Geoforum, 66, pp.126-135. Lu, Y. (2014). Estimation of Black Carbon Emission of China. Journal of Environmental Accounting and Management, 2(2), pp.115-122. Phelps, T. (2014). Truth Delayed: Accounting for Human Rights Violations in Guatemala and Spain. Human Rights Quarterly, 36(4), pp.820-843. Reverte, C. (2008). Determinants of Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure Ratings by Spanish Listed Firms. Journal of Business Ethics, 88(2), pp.351-366.

How Words Affect Different Areas Of Knowledge English Literature Essay free essay sample

As a defination, Word is a unit of linguistic communication which has significance and is used with others to organize sentences, promises, comands and messages ( Oxford Dicxtionary ) . Wordss are an of import portion of both the history of our species every bit good as our cognition of it. Missing in many natural protective versions, we rely on the ability to pass on information between our equals and from one coevals to the following. There is barely any uncertainty that words are extremly powerful tools, and words have destroyed adequate metropoliss, lives, and reputes to turn out their possible perfidy. Wordss, linguistic communication, are the strongest arm if used decently since they have the power to influence, manipulate A ; control people and state of affairs situations.Words are really powerful, and sometimes the words we use offend people. Freedom of address is extremely valued but what happens when your freedom becomes hurtful or disrespectful to person else? There are so many different sorts of people and different things that offend each individual. We will write a custom essay sample on How Words Affect Different Areas Of Knowledge English Literature Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In this twenty-four hours where we are more inclined to state whatever we want, we see more and more discourtesy being taken to the words that get said. It s difficult to understand why certain words can be dissing to person when it may non look that manner to you. We have to inquire ourselves, why do we care what other people say and should we ban everything that goes into the public merely so people do nt acquire offended? Apparently they are lone words but some believe the school-yard twit: Sticks and rocks can interrupt my castanetss, but words can neer ache me. are incorrect and it is true that words can ache you in the workplace.Now these are non the acerb 1s spoken ( or received ) full with irony, annoyance, choler or defeat, transporting an emotional clout. I m speaking about simple, mundane, normal word picks. These words, like black ice, are non an obvious danger at first glimpse. But, they can impact your consequences. So, user-beware. Wordss create assorted feelings, images and outlooks. They build many psychological connexions. They influence and consequence how we think. Since ideas determine actions, there s a powerful connexion between the words we use and the consequences we get. Think about these two words: spend and invest. Would you like your bank to pass your money or put it? Since disbursement implies the money is gone, you likely want a bank that invests. Now apply these same wor ds to corporate budgets and see how that influences believing. Early in my calling, I saw budgets as allocated company money I had permission to pass. And I did pass it. I neer thought of budgets as puting in the company s hereafter until I was given net income and loss answerability for a new section and discovered my blemished thought. I learned that in order to turn the section, I needed to budget with an investing outlook. Switching words shifted my thought and my consequences. Now lets expression at a simple basic illustration, seek these words: job and challenge. Would you instead a foreman see your error as a job or as a challenge? It s more than semantics. Problems are fixed ; challenges are met. Different words evoke different feelings. I have a more positive frame of head run intoing a challenge than repairing a job. I realized the words I use to believe and speak about my work load, my ends, my undertakings and the people I worked with influenced my ideas and actions about them. So, I changed my words. If I say I work for person I have a different vision about my work-life than if I work with them ; same with my staff working with, non for me. Poorly chosen words can kill enthusiasm, impact self-esteem, lower outlooks and hold people back. Well chosen 1s can actuate, offer hope, create vision, impact thought and alter consequences. I learned in twenty old ages in direction my words have power over my ideas and actions. They besides impact and inf luence people I speak them to. In order to be winning at working, learn to tackle your word power to work for, non against you ; choose words that create a ocular of the coveted result ; and take each word as if it mattered. Now lets expression at a possibility where we can somehow demo the importance of words among audiences and different groups of people with assorted cultural and cultural backgrounds.First, allow us analyze the ways in which words can hold an impact. Each word has two definitions, the denotative and the connotative. The denotive significance is fundamentally the dictionary significance, the 1 that about anyone can understand who speaks or desires to talk the linguistic communication. For illustration, take the word chair . It has a denotive significance: a piece of furniture designed for one individual to sit upon. Anybody can indicate at such a piece of furniture and the audience will react with chair ( or whatever word means a piece of furniture designed for one individual to sit upon in their linguistic communication ) . It is this denotive significance pupils learn in foreign linguistic communication categories so they will cognize the word daybed means chair in French. However, of greater importance, peculiarly in advertisement, is the connotative definition, the definition each person conjures up in rher head in response to hearing or reading the word. That definition can be denotive in consequence, but purely single. For illustration, person hearing the word chair will seldom believe a piece of furniture designed for one individual to sit upon. Alternatively they will conceive of what they consider a chair. It could be a desk chair, a Queen Anne flying chair, a dining room chair, or whatever image appears before the head s oculus stand foring to that individual a chair . This is non a specific image common to all, but a general construct dependant on the person. This is why people use qualifiers like adjectives and adverbs: they narrow the general construct to one particular to the talker s purpose. Therefore, when the talker has an image of a wing chair, rhe adds the qualifier wing . This prevents the audience thought of a desk chair. Therefore the connotative definition of a word can be denotive in consequence. However, of far more importance is that the connotative significance of a word can hold a strong emotional content. In other words, the audience can react emotionally instead than intellectually to hearing or reading a word. Why is this difference between the denotative and connotative definitions of words of such importance? It is because the greatest impact of words comes from utilizing the connotative significances to impact the audience s emotional response. One ground for this is that you can non reason away emotions because they do non react to logic. Therefore if you can do your audience agree with your point of position on an emotional degree, your competition s logical statements wo nt rock them about why they should nt experience that manner. An illustration that merely about everybody can associate to: you re in love ; he-she-it is the most fantastic, perfect individual in the universe, flawless, faultless ( love is unsighted is non merely a platitude, it is a truism ) . Then he-she-it mopess you ; cryings, howling, depression, etc. , ensues. Your friends gather about and state you that he-she-it is a dork, a craven, non worth the cryings, that he-she-it does non merit the injury through which you are seting yourself. You nod, agree, so you burst into cryings afresh, crying but I ca nt assist it, this is how I feel. All the logical statements in the universe about why you should nt experience bad about being dumped have no consequence on your emotions. That s how you feel. That you can non reason away emotions is merely one of the grounds that intensions have impact. Another is that abstract words are about wholly defined by their intensions. Abstract words such as truth, beauty, and justness mean what the single feels they mean. There is no referent rhe can indicate to as a concrete illustration. Therefore, abstractions affect most people emotionally. If, hence, you can do a treatment of abstractions emotional by personalising or anthropomorphising them, they can hold a greater impact. Moliere used this thought in his drama TARTUFFE. He personalized spiritual lip service, the cloaking of frailty in a mantle of virtuousness, in the character of Tartuffe, a rather unpleasant individual. Therefore, if you do nt wish Tartuffe, an attitude hard to avoid, you wo nt wish what he stands for. Another component of words that s of import is that there are concrete and fuzzed words. Concrete words are those that have definite referents. That is, you can indicate at an illustration of what you mean by that word. For illustration, when you say the word chair, you can indicate at the concrete point, a chair, to clear up your intending to your hearer. Concrete words have definite denotive significances, and frequently have weak emotional intensions. Fuzzy words are those that have no concrete referents, for which there is no object that can be pointed at to clear up what the talker means. Fuzzy words can intend whatever you think they mean, and therefore can intend different things to different people. For illustration, one fuzzy word is beauty. Beauty truly is in the oculus of the perceiver, is dependent on civilization, and alterations from clip to clip and individual to individual. Other fuzzed words include justness, which can intend anything from equality before the j urisprudence to the blood feud, and truth, which depends on how you view the universe, what you know ( or believe you know ) , what others tell you, etc. , etc. , ad nauseam. The thing that is clear is that fuzzed words are virtually all intension, with their denotive significances dependant on who is specifying them. For illustration, Samuel Johnson, who wrote one of the first lexicons in 1755, defined a frequenter as one who supports with crust, and is paid with flattery.

Practice Problems for Z-Scores

Practice Problems for Z-Scores One standard type of problem from an introductory statistics course is to calculate the z-score of a particular value.   This is a very basic calculation, but is one that is quite important.   The reason for this is that it allows us to wade through the infinite number of normal distributions.   These normal distributions can have any mean or any positive standard deviation. The z-score formula starts with this infinite number of distributions and lets us only work with the standard normal distribution.   Instead of working with a different normal distribution for each application that we encounter, we only need to work with one special normal distribution.   The standard normal distribution is this well-studied distribution.  Ã‚   Explanation of the Process We assume that we are working in a setting in which our data are normally distributed.   We also assume that we are given the mean and standard deviation of the normal distribution that we are working with.   By using the z-score formula: z   (x - ÃŽ ¼) / ÏÆ' we can convert any distribution to the standard normal distribution.   Here the Greek letter ÃŽ ¼ the mean and ÏÆ' is the standard deviation.   The standard normal distribution is a special normal distribution.   It has a mean of 0 and its standard deviation is equal to 1. Z-Score Problems All of the following problems use the z-score formula.   All of these practice problems involve finding a z-score from the information provided.   See if you can figure out how to use this formula. Scores on a history test have average of 80 with standard deviation of 6. What is the z-score for a student who earned a 75 on the test?The weight of chocolate bars from a particular chocolate factory has a mean of 8 ounces with standard deviation of .1 ounce. What is the z-score corresponding to a weight of 8.17 ounces?Books in the library are found to have average length of 350 pages with standard deviation of 100 pages. What is the z-score corresponding to a book of length 80 pages?The temperature is recorded at 60 airports in a region. The average temperature is 67 degrees Fahrenheit with standard deviation of 5 degrees. What is the z-score for a temperature of 68 degrees?A group of friends compares what they received while trick or treating. They find that the average number of pieces of candy received is 43, with standard deviation of 2. What is the z-score corresponding to 20 pieces of candy?The mean growth of the thickness of trees in a forest is found to be .5 cm/year with a standard deviation of .1cm/year. What is the z-score corresponding to 1 cm/year? A particular leg bone for dinosaur fossils has a mean length of 5 feet with standard deviation of 3 inches. What is the z-score that corresponds to a length of 62 inches? Once you have worked out these problems, be sure to check your work.   Or maybe if you are stuck on what to do.   Solutions with some explanations are located here.

Manufactoring case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Manufactoring - Case Study Example This part is also required to be stronger. Moreover, the extreme humidity may also damage the same by the formation of rust throughout the metallic body of the tool. However, there also some of the punch tools that are made up of plastic, especially the lever (Paper Pro Inc., â€Å"Home.†). The product generally stays in the normal room temperature and humidity. However, with the extreme humidity it might rust its surface. It generally stays in the hands of users therefore the presence of moisture in the hands might also form rust. Moreover, it is also observed in the table or shelf of an office or an educational institute or in the living room (Davis 1-58). The parts that are more vulnerable to be damaged after the execution of physical pressure are the punches and the lever. These parts are directly connected to the body of the punch machine and with the holes of the same. It is also connected with the part of the instrument, where the pressure is exerted (Davis 1-58). The inside dimensions of the lever and punch are very important aspect for a punch machine to be effective. The proper dimension of the lever for the satisfaction of the customer can be achieved by exerting less pressure for making paper holes. Moreover, the proper dimension of the punches is also important as leads to the formation of the holes at the specific dimension in papers (Davis 1-58). There are also certain non-dimensional attributes that are required to be considered. These include proper smoothness and color throughout the body of the tool. The body of the tool is also required to be designed as per the segments of the customers. If the tool is used in the corporate offices, it is desirable to have a corporate look. Further, if the tool is used by a young boy or a girl, it is required to be designed accordingly (Davis 1-58). The material that is used in the punches and in the lever is generally of steel. Steel is one of the strongest alloys of the

Capital Budgetting of Caledonia Products Research Paper

Capital Budgetting of Caledonia Products - Research Paper Example A- Caledonia Products should focus on free cash flows for evaluation of the project investment as compare to accounting profit in capital budgeting decision. Free cash flows provide the real picture of the amount that would be available to company from the project as the results are arrived with incorporating elements of time and risks in evaluation. Accounting profits, on other hand, are more like figures on paper only and due to ignorance of mentioned factors. There is every opportunity that accounting profits of the project shows an investment profitable, but it might be possible that the investment might not yield any returns to the company. Another reason to focus on cash flow results than accounting profits is accounting profits include all expenditure and incomes be it result in cash in-flow or outflow. For instance, depreciation does not actually cause any cash out-flow but it is included in the accounting profits. However, cash flow accounts only consider those that affect t he movement in cash inwards or outwards. So, free cash flows should be used to evaluate any project. Since the report is evaluate new project and take decision to undergo or not, therefore, company should focus on incremental cash flows from the projects. There may be the case when overall company making positive cash flows whereas flow from the said project is otherwise. Incremental cash flows form the project provides marginal benefit firm can reap by taking this investment decisions. Same goes for the total and incremental profits. Incremental profits provide evaluation of benefit particular project will add to the firm’s value in addition to the total profits firm will be making. Therefore incremental profits should be used. B- DEPRECIATION EXPENSE AND FREECASH FLOW Depreciation is a non cash expense and although it is recorded in accounting statements as expense, but it does not actually incur any cash outflows (Gitman, 2003). However, overall project cash flow receives impact from depreciation expense over a period of projects life. Depreciation expense reduces the amount of tax accrued on company which is a cash flow item; therefore, it impacts cash flow positively. C- SUNK COST AND ITS IMPACT ON CASH FLOWS Corporate finance theory suggests that while making investment decisions using capital budgeting techniques no consideration should be given to the sunk cost as this cost has already been incurred (Khan, 1993) whether the project is conducted or not and therefore it has no relevancy to future incremental cash flows that determines the acceptance or rejection of cash flows. Only the concerned element is the after tax incremental cash flows as this is the amount which is available to the shareholder. Hence, evaluation of project using NPV and IRR shall ignore sunk cost item. D- INITIAL OUTLAY OF THE PORJECT Initial outlay of any project refers to amount of investment that will be required to undertake a project or the cost incurred for beginning the project. It includes basic plant and installation cost along with any shipping or transportation cost incurred to take plant to production point. It further includes any change working capital due to this project. Initial cost incurred for this project is: $ $8,100,000.00 which includes: Plant and equipment cost is $7,900,000 the installation and shipping cost is $100,000 increased working capital is $100,000 E- DIFFERENTIAL CASH FLOWS OVER THE PROJECT'S LIFE Differential cash flow refers to incremental after tax

FAP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

FAP - Essay Example Academics prefer the net present value (NPV) method because it has theoretical validity; accounting managers tend to use the internal rate of return (IRR) method (Lefley & Ryan, 2005). Surveys and case studies have been conducted to pinpoint managers’ feelings on the theoretical versus the practical applications of capital budgeting (sometimes termed capital investment appraisal). Even though considerable research has been undertaken, no definite conclusions have been drawn as to why managers reject academics’ recommendations on sound theoretical models (Lefley & Ryan, 2005). The more sophisticated theoretical models have been studied in relationship to improved firm performance (Pike, 1989), with inconclusive results. The NPV method has some shortcomings; the value added can be measured for most investment decisions. Other models such as payback and accounting rate of return are also useful in analysis, and managers continue to use their intuitive judgment and more basic financial models. Improved efficiency in project selection should logically lead to improved overall performance. Small & Chen (1997) suggest that combining a strategic and an economic approach results in greater project selection efficiency and higher success rates. Lefley & Ryan (2005) that this idea one step further and comment that there are three main considerations in any investment decision: economic, strategic, and project specific risk. By combining these three elements in one model, the impact of investment decisions can be more accurately pinpointed. As stated earlier, researchers and analysts have found that managers utilize a combination of risk assessment models and financial appraisals for practical investment evaluations, and prefer not to rely on any one model, no matter its theoretical soundness (Lefley & Ryan, 2005). One danger of choosing a single model could arise when subordinate managers maximize benefits and minimize costs and risks when they put

Strategic Position Sabmiller Company Commerce Essay

Strategic Position Sabmiller Company Commerce Essay SABMiller company has a positive strategy to promote the quantity and productivity of major markets, optimize and expand an established position in the market of developing countries, seeking value-added opportunities to strengthen its position as a global beer manufacturer in the international premium beer segment develop their own brand, and actively participate in the ongoing consolidation in the industry. SABMillers success depends on its strategic focus: a balanced and attractive global business, a strong brand portfolio and expand its operations worldwide activities in the relevant market, the style of performance appraisal, the development of a strong relevant market. 1.1.1 Corporate acquisition Acquisition a brand or a business is a way that can improve the companys competitiveness and increase its market share. For the SABMiller, if it buys a brand or business, it can acquire a new turnover. It can gain new locations as well as factories and shops. Not only that, but it will gain new products and technology enabling itself to enter a new market. By the way, corporate acquisition can also give SABMiller other benefits, such as, increased value generation, increase in cost efficiency and increase in  market share. So a good and right acquisition plan for the future of the SABMillers strategic position is very important. 3 1.1.2 Foreign operations For an international organization, like SABMiller, foreign market and operations are more important than locations. Foreign operations can reduce unit costs, spread economic risks and absorb excess capacity over a wider number of markets. Foreign operations can allow firms to set up production facilities of lower cost in locations close to raw materials and cheap labor. For example, china has a huge market share, SABMiller can enter Chinese beer market by some operations, and build factories in different cities, hire local labors to reduce costs. So SABMillers strategic position should more tend to foreign operations rather than local operations. 1.2 A new vision Nowadays SABMillers vision is to be the most admired company in the global beer industry, that including investment of choice, employer of choice, partner of choice. In the future, SABMiller can develop a new vision that to be the most innovation and technology company in the global beer industry. 1.2.1 Mission statement For the customers, SABMiller is staying responsive to consumers changing needs and desires are central to competitive success. Their products face competition from rival brands and from other types of leisure activity: if we fail to offer customer and consumers the best price, quality and service, the business will suffer and with it the wealth we create for all stakeholders. 4 For the products, SABMiller has a rigorous, group-wide approach to quality control and product safety. On most sites this is based around external standard system, such as ISO, NOSA. For the technology, water scarcity, low energy costs due to large-scale investment in fossil fuel alternatives. SABMiller has been researching how to make more beer using less water and reduce their energy and carbon footprint. For the concern of employees, SABMiller seeks to be a preferred employer. Employee development SABMiller seeks to create an environment in which all individuals and teams may develop their full potential for the benefit of themselves and the group. Employee diversity SABMiller companies understand and respect the wide range of human diversity in which they operate and encourage inclusiveness with regard to human resource practices, irrespective of (among others) nationality, race, gender and physical disabilities. 1.2.2 Strategic objective In the SABMiller, there are four major strategic objectives: creating a balanced and attractive global spread of businesses, developing strong, relevant brand portfolios that win in the local market, constantly raising the profitability of local businesses, Leveraging our skills and global scale. 1.3 Strategic options 5 There are three strategic options for SABMiller: à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚  Product development à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¡Market development à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¢Diversification Porters Generic Strategies Cost leadership à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚   Differentiation à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¢ Cost focus à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¡ Differentiation focus à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¡ Ansoffs Matrix Market penetration Product development à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚   Market development à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¡ Diversification à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¢ The Bostons BCG Matrix Stars à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚   Question marks à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¢ Cash cows à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¡ Dogs Option à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚   (Product development): Product development strategy, it is to point to in the current market by the improvement of current products or develop new products to expand sales strategy. Product development strategy can avoid enterprise temporarily, optionally, blind development and into some no market value of the products, and ignore that really can improve competitiveness in the market of products opportunity. Product development strategy is the enterprise product development of military road map to guide product development direction and road signs. 6 Analysis using Generic Strategies : For the product development, the most important thing is not developing new products but improving current products. So the best way is choosing cost leadership, reducing the cost of product as much as possible. SABMiller should focus on manufacturing cost and staff cost. As a beer company, SABMiller can research new technology that use less water to produce more beer. Then, they can build their factories in developing countries, such as Indian, China and Malaysia, using cheap labor to reduce the cost. Analysis using Ansoffs Matrix: SABMiller can extend its product by producing different variants, or packaging existing products it in new ways. Develop related products or services, shorten its time to market, or improve customer service or quality. Analysis using BCG Matrix: The further development of star product is the most important. In the SABMiller, there are at least five beers brands that are popular in South Africa, Miller Genuine Draft, Pilsner Urquell, Peroni, Amstel and Castle Light Lager. These five beers occupy the 75 percent market share in South Africa. So constantly expanding the market and improving these star products are the main strategies to SABMiller. Option à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¡ (Market development): Market development strategy is the enterprise in the complex market environment, to achieve specific marketing objectives and design of the long-term, stable action plan, form the guidance 7 enterprise marketing global goal and management policy. Market development strategy is the unity of the goal and means. No goal, we have no way, no strategic measures, the goal is not possible. Analysis using Generic Strategies : In the market development, SABMiller should use focus strategy, cost focus and differentiation focus. For the cost focus, SABMiller can try its best to decrease the cost, then they can decrease the price of their products, it is a good way to keep customers loyalty and get more new customers. For the differentiation focus, suppliers have power due to low volumes, but a differentiation-focused firm is better able to pass on supplier price increase. Analysis using Ansoffs Matrix: SABMiller can target different geographical markets, use different marketing channels, such as direct sales or online, if you through the trade selling, target different groups of people, perhaps with different genders or age groups from your normal customers. Analysis using BCG Matrix: In the field of product produce large amounts of cash, but the future growth prospects are limited. This is a leader of mature market, it is the source of enterprise cash. As the market has matured, the enterprise need not a lot of investment to expand the size of the market, at the same time as the market leader, this business enjoy economies of scale and high marginal profit advantages, thus brings to the enterprise to large amounts of cash flow. Enterprise often uses cash cows business to pay for the account 8 and support other business that need a large amount of cash. Cash cows for the business strategic framework mentioned stable strategy, purpose is to keep the market share of the SBUs. Option à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ËœÃ‚ ¢ (Diversification): Diversification involves growing the scope of products or markets served by an organization. Related diversification involves diversifying into products or services with relationships to the existing business. Analysis using Generic Strategies: A differentiation strategy for SABMiller products and competitors products that have significant differences to form the distinctive characteristics. SABMiller highlights the differences between its own products and competitors. Analysis using Ansoffs Matrix: Diversification can be a good choice, for SABMiller, but compared to other options, it is not very attractive. In fact, SABMiller is a publicly traded company that can manage their own portfolio harder for real portfolio management as a shareholder. It can work in favor of the SABMiller manufacturer, if you can add enterprise, the portfolio can support and complement its core beer business. Analysis using BCG Matrix: Diversification is to reduce the risk of investment, but it also has risk. So we should use question marks to analysis these diversified investment, a good investment can make products become to stars or cash cows but a bad investment can also mean that the investment is fail. If 9 SABMiller produce a new beer, it should analysis whether this beer can occupy the market share and have high growth. 1.4 Recommendation Above those three strategic options, I will recommend market development to SABMiller. SABMiller achieved great success in South Africa market, but to the world, the biggest market is China. Chinese customers consume forty-five million seven hundred and sixty thousand tons beer each year. If SABMiller can choose a correct market development strategy in China, it will get a greater development. 1.5 Conclusion The key point to SABMillers success is its management of strategic brand and its brand portfolio. But in the future, it has to face more challenge and competitive. SO SABMiller should continue improving its strategy, developing innovation and technology.

Chemical Basis of Life :: essays research papers

Chapter 4 The Chemical Basis of Life Introduction †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Your body is an elaborate chemical system. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Chemical signals between brain less enable your mind to understand what you see. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  You nourish those cells with chemicals that are obtained from food. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Life is all about chemicals and how they interact Concept 4.1 Life requires about 25 chemical elements Elements †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Humans and other organisms are examples of matter. Matter: Anything that occupies space and has mass. (Physical things) †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The various forms of matter are composed of one or more chemical elements. Element: A pure substance that cannot be broken down into smaller substances by chemical means †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are 25 elements are essential to life. Four of these elements are Oxygen (O), Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Nitrogen (N). These make up about 96% of the living matter in your body. Calcium (CA), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), sulfur (S), and a few other elements account for most of the remaining 4%. Trace Elements: elements that make up less that 0.01 percent of your body mass are nevertheless critical to your health. Compounds †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most elements can interact with other elements forming complex types of matter called compounds. Compound: A substance containing two or more elements that are chemically combined in a fixed ratio. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Compounds properties may differ greatly from those of its components. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Though simple compounds like sodium chloride and water play important roles in living things, most compounds found in organisms are more complex, containing at least three or four elements. Concept 4.2 Chemical properties are based on the structure of atoms. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Different elements have different properties. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Some are solid metal at room temperature, some are invisible gases, some elements readily react with other elements, whiles others hardly react at all. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  These properties affect the roles that different elements play in biological processes. This section describes how an elements properties to its structure. Atoms †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Each element consists of a single kind of atom that is different from the atoms of all other elements. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Atom- gets its name from the Greek word atomos, meaning â€Å"indivisible† is the smallest possible â€Å"Pierce†Ã¢â‚¬â€it would take more than tree million carbon atoms to stretch across the period printed at the end of this sentence. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Atoms are all elements are made up of even smaller components called subatomic particles. Proton: Is a subatomic particle with a single unit of positive electrical charge. Electron: is a subatomic particle with a unit of negative charge. Neutron: is electrically neutral. Nucleus: is the center of an atom. It is made up of tightly packed protons and neutrons. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Electrons, which have much less mass than neutrons and protons continually, move about the outside of the nucleus at great speed. Chemical Basis of Life :: essays research papers Chapter 4 The Chemical Basis of Life Introduction †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Your body is an elaborate chemical system. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Chemical signals between brain less enable your mind to understand what you see. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  You nourish those cells with chemicals that are obtained from food. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Life is all about chemicals and how they interact Concept 4.1 Life requires about 25 chemical elements Elements †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Humans and other organisms are examples of matter. Matter: Anything that occupies space and has mass. (Physical things) †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The various forms of matter are composed of one or more chemical elements. Element: A pure substance that cannot be broken down into smaller substances by chemical means †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are 25 elements are essential to life. Four of these elements are Oxygen (O), Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Nitrogen (N). These make up about 96% of the living matter in your body. Calcium (CA), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), sulfur (S), and a few other elements account for most of the remaining 4%. Trace Elements: elements that make up less that 0.01 percent of your body mass are nevertheless critical to your health. Compounds †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most elements can interact with other elements forming complex types of matter called compounds. Compound: A substance containing two or more elements that are chemically combined in a fixed ratio. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Compounds properties may differ greatly from those of its components. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Though simple compounds like sodium chloride and water play important roles in living things, most compounds found in organisms are more complex, containing at least three or four elements. Concept 4.2 Chemical properties are based on the structure of atoms. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Different elements have different properties. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Some are solid metal at room temperature, some are invisible gases, some elements readily react with other elements, whiles others hardly react at all. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  These properties affect the roles that different elements play in biological processes. This section describes how an elements properties to its structure. Atoms †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Each element consists of a single kind of atom that is different from the atoms of all other elements. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Atom- gets its name from the Greek word atomos, meaning â€Å"indivisible† is the smallest possible â€Å"Pierce†Ã¢â‚¬â€it would take more than tree million carbon atoms to stretch across the period printed at the end of this sentence. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Atoms are all elements are made up of even smaller components called subatomic particles. Proton: Is a subatomic particle with a single unit of positive electrical charge. Electron: is a subatomic particle with a unit of negative charge. Neutron: is electrically neutral. Nucleus: is the center of an atom. It is made up of tightly packed protons and neutrons. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Electrons, which have much less mass than neutrons and protons continually, move about the outside of the nucleus at great speed.

Reflective Account

Trust security policy, ensuring that I have followed the trust's uniform policy. When arriving on the ward I attended to the nurse's station to recycle patient handover, which outlines any special requirements, for example If they need assistance with personal care or any speech/language Issues there might be. The handover Is confidential and adhering to data protection act and also the infallibility policy which Is In place wealth the trust.I was asked by the nurse in charge to recheck a patient blood sugar as the night staff handed over it was low at 6 am. Before taking a blood capillary sample I ensured that I had all the equipment making sure that it was clean and in working order. I got a sharps bin and placed it on the BUM trolley. I went to the patient's bedside and asked for consent to check their blood sugar, the patient had suffered a C.V. and had beech problems, consent was given by a nod of the head.I washed my hands using the 7 stage hand washing technique and applied pe rsonal protective equipment (PEP). I asked the patient which finger they would prefer me to use and they held a finger up for me. I took this as them understanding fully what I wanted to do and proceeded. I obtained the sample following Trust guidelines on point of care testing (PACT), disposing of waste and sharps as per Trust decontamination and waste and, harps disposal policies.I informed the patient of the reading and they nodded their head to confirm they understood. I remove and dispose of the PEP as per Trust guidelines in a clinical waste bin and wash my hands. I then recorded the results in blood sugar monitoring pathway, I informed the nurse that the result was within normal range at 6. 1, I then stored the patient carded in the agreed storage area, adhering to confidentiality and, documentation and record keeping guidelines. Reflective Account Once we had sounded them we wrote them on the sheet (Copy behind) and kept repeating them to each other to get the word stuck in place. Once we had learnt to pronounce the words and repeat and sign them, they got a picture Of a ship and two people standing on the ship shouting ‘Ii'. They colored the picture in lots different colors, the sheet it also yellow because it is clearer for the children to see the words and pictures.When we are doing this activity (Phonics) we 1 . Sound 2. Read 3. Write/ go over the letters ‘Ii' . Color 5. Signing Because all the children are different in their own ways, some children struggle pronouncing or they have trouble reading and some have trouble writing, other cannot hear well so we sign as we go through everything to make sure everyone has a good understanding of what is going on in the group, so that we can work on these things.Today when I was working with the superstars I worked a little one to one with a young boy who has Downs syn drome and he cannot speak clearly or read and has trouble speaking so we signed the phonics lesson together, but today he wasn't joining in he hid is face with his arms and cried but after while he came around and he communicated and we carried on.Looking through his phonics book and he signs ‘Plane' and says plane and gets excited at the fact he has pronounced it. We carried on with our ‘Ii' sounding and coloring when we had finished all the group together then stick the sheet in to their phonics books (behind). At the end of the lesson we go over what we have learnt, we also decide to show the rest of the class who did reading, and they sounded, read and signed to the rest of the class. Reflective Account A Diary System In our team we have a duty Rota. The details of which are entered and used in a diary system each person is scheduled in for a day of duty on a rotational basis. I enter this into an outlook diary/calendar every 6 months. Have to check individual personal diaries flirt to check that the dates I enter for them do not clash with appointments that they already have booked in, also taking into account annual leave.Once I know what prior appointments or annual leave people have booked I then add people's names to the diary on a rotational basis trying my best not to give people too many duty days close together. This allows them to have space between duty days as they will have their own work to complete too and I have to be mindful of this. Once all the days have been filled and there is a person scheduled for duty every working day Monday-Friday I send an email out to the team to ask them to check the duty diary and make a note of these dates in their own personal diaries and calendars and to also let me know If any dates are unsuitable. Then sometimes contacted to make swaps and changes due to commitments that I was not aware of. If this is done early enough then I would be able to swap people about within the diary. After a certain time passes and I Judge that changes cannot be made by myself because It would conflict with peoples schedules I ask individuals to speak to colleagues and swap days. I am then informed of these swaps and update the diary accordingly. Nearing the end of the 6 months that I have scheduled In the diary I begin the recess again for the next 6 months. Reflective Account â€Å"Reflection is a process of reviewing an experience of practice in order to describe, analyse, evaluate and so inform learning about practice† (Reid, 1993 p.305).I am going to reflect on an activity during my placement at a childminder’s setting.While writing about this, the model of reflection `I will use is the most commonly used model by Gibbs (1988), which is the model I will look at here.There are six stages in Gibbs’ model, namely:- (1) Description (2) Feelings (3) Evaluation (4) Analysis (5) Conclusion (6) Action plan. I will discuss each in turn.DESCRIPTIONI am currently on a CACHE level 3 DIPLOMA for the Children and Young People’s Workforce training. I am on a placement at a child minder’s setting. The activity I did was painting. I chose to do this activity with a mixed group of four children so that I could pay attention to their individual needs. I set up a table at the childminder’s place for the painting activity.We had en ough resources for painting, so I used essential ones for painting, like, protection for clothing, old newspapers for protecting the floor, paints, paper, brushes pots of clean water the easel and the table top, a floor mop, and facilities for drying painting. The children set to work immediately, putting lots of paints on their papers, using pots to mix colours. Spills were mopped up quickly by the childminder to avoid possibility of falls. After painting, I helped in washing and supervising the children’s hand washingFEELINGSI watched the children to see how they were feeling and performing. I could see they were enjoying using all the different colours, making shapes and different patterns. I felt all children should be offered frequent opportunities to paint when they feel inclined. When very young, before  fluent speech, spontaneous painting is a most valuable means of expression. I allowed them opportunities to explore, undisturbed because children usually get the mos t from painting if they are left to pursue it on their own, without rushing them.EVALUATIONFor this painting activity, I realised that painting often allows children to express emotions that they find difficult to put into words. It is an enjoyable new activity for many young children on starting nursery or childcare setting. I believe for children, attaining this skill leads to a sense of achievement and self-esteem.ANALYSISThe children got a lot from painting. Painting is a messy activity and this is why it is not always done at home and therefore, young children should be given every opportunity to explore this creative medium undisturbed whenever they wish. I watched as they were painting, undisturbed, and only spoke whenever they asked me questions on their reactions to the activity. For example, child â€Å"A† says â€Å"I want to paint for mummy†. I answered by saying, . â€Å"yes you can†. The children interacted well with each other while painting, disc ussing what they are painting with each other. The activity was a good idea and it practically went well, the children enjoyed it and I believe they achieved their creative development.CONCLUSIONAfter this painting activity, I evaluated and reflected and I have come to the conclusion that children’s paintings are essentially culture free, they allow children to experiment with a variety of materials. Also, paintings develop an aesthetic awareness of composition, colour, shape, pattern and relationships. Paintings encourage imagination and creativity.ACTION PLANIn retrospect, I would do several things differently. As children’s paintings are essentially culture free and painting is an integral part of the curriculum, I will make parents aware that clothes may be dirty because  some parents complained that their children’s clothes were dirty with paints all over, despite using protective clothing. I will also let them understand the importance of painting for yo ung children. What I will like to improve on next time is to have some programme of changes like speaking to parent about creativity and also work with them. . I will have more colours available next time, also more papers. To generate more interest, a visit to the art gallery will be useful, with parents involvements.

Landmarks essays

Landmarks essays In reference to his artwork published in the book LANDMARKS. (This is the book we used as a reference in class.) In reference to his expedition into the Tasmanian Wilderness in 1994. It is Wolseleys method of work to arrive at a given site and to camp there for weeks or even months at a time.It is a strategy he uses to develop a closer relationship between the artist and nature. He keeps a journal and in it records his feelings and the observations he has made of the environment, plantforms and wildlife. Many of his works are done on numerous sheets of paper that are then stuck together.their joints remaining visible, yet the works can still be seen as a continual whole. His works are considered to be landscapes and can be interpreted from numerous points of view. There is a mixture of aerial (as seen from above) observations, cartographic (map making) markings and often notes on the geographical formations. Combined with this, there are often small but very detailed studies of different parts of that environment, whether they are plantforms, rock formations or insect life. His landscapes do not take on just a traditional form, nor are they just a collection of scientific observations, but are an integration of both. His works invite the spectator to enter the works, to explore it and to discover new realities within it, a mixture of visual stimuli and textural observations. There is no one given interpretation. Wolseleys exploration of the environment is a record of his experience of the wilderness itself. It is not a reading of nature but a collection of evocative observations which introduce the viewer to a certain slice of the environment and prompts them to see the world a little differently. Wolseley in his depiction suggests to the viewer the possibility of seeing it in an almost primeval state. It is at the same time exotic and strangely familiar, ...

Achieving Readiness for Organizational Change Review

Achieving Readiness for Organizational Change Review Introduction Organizations require workers to connect them with the widening array of coworkers, consultants, and the shared knowledge bases. This connection is important during the process of change and/or when preparing for it. It is crucial to note that it is impossible to implement any change without clear and precise communication.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Achieving Readiness for Organizational Change Review specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Indeed, communication encourages the development of a shared teamwork vision to minimize competition between workers. It contributes towards the development of knowledge learning and sharing culture, which is an important aspect for change and organizational continuity. This paper critically reviews an article by Smith Ian titled Achieving Readiness for Organizational Change with a particular focus on the theme of communication. Article Summary In the articl e, Achieving Readiness for Organizational Change, Ian (2005) discusses different roles that people play within organizations during a change process. His main purpose entails examining the significance of being equipped to welcome change, the strategy that people can adopt to implement a change, and the criteria that can be deployed to evaluate the change (Ian, 2005). In its findings, the article considers the attainment of change and its sustainability incredibly important for any organization. However, the issue of the role of communicate comes in when Ian (2005) declares people the success factors or hindrances to effective change. They need to be prepared for the change to make it possible. How can organizations achieve change preparedness? Ian (2005) responds to this question by claiming that people’s readiness for change can be achieved through creating the earnestness or requirement of change in them and ensuring that they feel and appreciate its meaning. This process involves releasing the status quo and creating an expressive stirrup in people. The goal is to create dissatisfaction with the status quo so that people can begin looking for different ways of reducing such disappointment with the current situation or status. In this process, Ian (2005) reveals how the communication of change is incredibly important. Critical Review Irrespective of the change strategies that organization adopts, Ian (2005) posits that planting the seed of change in an organization requires the establishment of a shared vision. The shared vision may originate from one individual, probably a leader, an organization’s employee, or a group of employees. To ensure that all other people embrace the idea of change, its communication is important.Advertising Looking for critical writing on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Ian (2005) supports this line of argument by adding that thr ough active revelation of discrepancies that exist between the present situation and the envisioned state, it becomes possible to build motivation and the readiness for change. A potential criticism is that Ian (2005) does not provide information on how this end can be achieved. However, he counters this gap by reckoning, â€Å"communicating the change messages and ensuring participation and involvement† (Ian, 2005, p.410) are the key factors to ensuring that people develop the desire for change.  Consistent with Ian’s (2005) school of thought, communication links the plans that leaders develop to enhance the success of an organization and the actual implementation process. Developing working strategies requires ardent communication at all hierarchical structures of an organization. Communication is vital since the implementation of new strategies often involves change (Williams Seaman, 2001). Poor communication often results in the resistance to change, especially where the persons who work in an organization consider the change a threat to their jobs and personal excellence. For instance, while personnel at the administrative centers may be fighting for the standardization of products that an organization produces to ease the supply chain and logistics challenges, employees at the departmental levels may be opposed to such an endeavor. This gap reveals why Ian (2005) says that people are either success factors or great hindrances to the change process. Despite Ian’s (2005) substantive arguments on the necessity of communication during a change, he does not demonstrate it using a particular case on how communication can frustrate or enhance the change process. For example, Barrett (2006) says that inadequate communication at the intra-organizational levels may result in different perceptions of brands that are availed in the market. This miscommunication minimizes the opportunities for channeling all organizational energies to the prof itable brands. The emphasis on areas that are critical in pushing for the acceptance of brands in the market requires leaders to communicate effectively on the organization’s positioning and sales targets.  Ian (2005) does not also explain who is supposed to communicate the desired change in an organization. The change may involve a modification of workers’ attitude or the alteration of work processes in the effort to support an organization’s competitive advantage (Williams Seaman, 2001). Effective leadership entails the communication of success strategies that touch on business objectives and goals (Barrett, 2006). Such communication should feature terms that employees can understand easily.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Achieving Readiness for Organizational Change Review specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In response, employees feel engaged and valued. Hence, they work collecti vely towards driving organizational success. In fact, many communication programs fail when they do not address precisely what employees, who are also the change implementers, need to know and/or do to enhance excellent organizational performance. Conclusion Ian (2005) should have considered leaders the communicators of the vision to the employees. Leaders who are capable of leading through change acknowledge the fact that communication can help to deliver tangible products. Issues such as improving consumer satisfaction, enhancing service delivery, and/or enhancing employee retention are all dependent on effective communication that the article addresses. Reference List Barrett, J. (2006). Leadership Communication. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Ian, S. (2005). Achieving Readiness for Organizational Change. Library Management, 26(6/7), 408-412. Williams, J., Seaman, E. (2001). Predicting change in management accounting systems: National culture and industry effects. Accounting, Organi zations and Society, 26(5), 443−460.

Engineering and Construction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Engineering and Construction - Essay Example Engineering has brought about advancements in communication and also changed how companies work. Exponential advance in technology has created mind-boggling opportunities for the future generation. Many universities especially in Asia are becoming increasingly utilitarian and mainly focusing on advancing cutting-edge research and the economy. This focus will bring about the creation of new and better technology that will not only help the human race but better it. Robotic machines as the future and new sources of unlimited energy like nuclear power are soon to be discovered. Engineering has affected human beings in both positive and negative views. The invention of the cell phone 1973 changed global communication in the world. It created a new way of communicating with its inventors, Dr. Martin Cooper of Motorola and John F. Mitchell first demonstrated using a handset weighing 2kgs. In 1983, cell phones became commercial through the DynaTAC 8000X (first cellphone to go viral). This advanced in technology brought the world to a global village. Recently, one can make a call to anywhere in the world, therefore, connecting people from all depths and corners of the continent. This has brought people closer, businessmen conducting seminars and meetings via Skype, new people interacting via Facebook. All this made possible by advanced technology in computer and the mobile network. A new technology that will hit the market in a global way is the electric vehicle. Productions have already commenced in Japan but in small productions. Once it goes world, which is major superpower countries it has it will help saves fuel consumption, reduce global warming by a notch and be economically accessible. The computer technology is an important asset in the modern day world. Most advancements in technologies are made possible by use of computers.  Ã‚  

Sex Offenders Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sex Offenders - Essay Example Robinson E.H. (1989:23) observes that cases of sexual abuse are rampant in poor communities and they often go unnoticed or reported. The lack of proper education coupled with the absence of a complete family unit in some cases in the African context, is cause for serious concern with regards to the increasing cases of sexual abuse. The family unit should form the basis for a conducive atmosphere which is morally and intellectually sound to develop the full potential of the child and give it a sense of belonging and values. It is against this background that the protection of the rights of children is given due prominence internationally. Principle 2 of The Declaration of The Rights of The Child proclaimed by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 20 November 1959 states that: The child shall enjoy special protection and shall be given opportunities and facilities, by law and by other means to enable him to develop physically, mentally, morally, spiritually and socially in a healthy and normal manner and in conditions of freedom and dignity. In this regard it can be noted that the issue of especially child sexual abuse is given priority by international bodies hence the enactment of laws shall always be in the best interest of the child. There are varying jail terms for sexual offenders depending on the magnitude of the offence. Sexual offenders usually commit these crimes under the influence of alcohol. Excessive consumption weakens the person’s ability to have self control and in some cases increases aggression. Unmarried man usually commit sexual offences more frequently than married men who are able to satisfy their sexual urge. According to the United Nations report based on the study of â€Å"Violence Against Children† (2006), more than 200 million children have been sexually abused the world over and it blames this

Chasing Matisse - Art Exhibit Critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Chasing Matisse - Art Exhibit Critique - Essay Example The essay "Chasing Matisse - Art Exhibit Critique" states the art and life of Henri Matisse. The subject (scene) of the art exhibit can be described as a woman seated on a chair and there are some flowers that have been placed on a table at her left hand side. The woman seems to be in thought – she could be thinking of something important due to the reason that her head is positioned facing downwards. As a result, this is the main factor that contributes to the scene of the painting. Every scene is prone to have objects that have contributed to its final look. The painting â€Å"Chasing Matisse† has a number of objects that have contributed to its general outlook. These include: the chair- where the young woman has sat on; the table – where the flowers have been placed on. The combination of different objects in a painting scene is to portray a particular impression that an individual (the audience) can make out of it. As a result, the first impression that an in dividual can have from the painting â€Å"Chasing Matisse† is that the artist was portraying a woman who was sad, lonely or deep in thought. This is vividly revealed in the manner that her body has been positioned and the way that her face looks like. Colour is very essential in every art scene. The lack of colour may reveal a number of factors such as lack of feeling, lack of life etc. Additionally, the colours that have been selected matter a lot. This is due to the reason that colours are categorized into either warm colours or cool colours. Warm colours indicate depth while cool colours indicate the lack of depth. Some of the examples of warm colours that can be used in a painting include: Red, orange, brown, maroon, yellow and green. On the other hand, cool colours that can be used in any painting include the likes of blue, pink, light blue and violet. Based on the art exhibit â€Å"Chasing Matisse†, the colours that have been used include: red – for the wo man’s hair; blue, orange and black – for her clothes; maroon and blue – for the flowers. In every artistic work, there are elements of shape, line and texture. Shape can be related to the use of space in the artistic work. It can also be related to the use of geometrical shapes such as squares, circles, rectangles etc. In addition to that, shapes can also be determined by attributes such as lines, texture, colour and value. Another element in art is the use of lines. In its simplest definition, lines refer to marks that are drawn in a bid to connect two points. It is also important to note that lines are characterised by aspects such as thickness, length and line direction. Texture refers to the feel of the surface under consideration. Texture always goes hand in hand with lines and colours. In the art exhibit, it can be stated that the element of shape has been used to reduce on space. For example; the chair that the woman is sitting on has occupied a majority of the space in the painting. In the art exhibit, lines have been used to give an in depth outline of the objects in the painting such as the flowers, the vase, the surface where the vase has been placed (table) and the chair that the woman has sat on. Lastly, texture is very critical in every piece of art. With that said, the art exhibit has a smooth feel. Just as colour is an essential element in an art piece,

Stand Up for Africa Essay Example for Free

Stand Up for Africa Essay Culture can be known as the identity or distinction of the people belonging to a certain religion, area or country. Culture shows the way in which the group of people led their life. Culture basically shows the beliefs, values, standards, life styles, traditions and behavior of the people that are belonging to a certain class. Culture makes a difference between the people of different areas and religions. People from different cultures can share each other’s culture if some aspect of one culture attracts them. (Define culture, 1, 2009) Ethnic Culture: Ethnic culture refers to the group of people that are having same historical culture or same geographical location. It simply refers to the entire background of the people. The basic traditional approach and background of ethnic groups are same. The word is basically a Greek word and it means the tribe or a nation. Ethnic culture has not been created on the bases of racial differences rather it is quite a different concept than races. The ethnic groups are made on the bases of their original land, tribes and history. The characteristics that are shared in ethnic culture may include country, origin, language, religion, ancestors and the culture shared by the ancestors. Ethnicity depends upon many different features and these features are related to the biological and historical attribute so the ethnicity is never affected and get changed by the culture in which a person is living. He will always be linked up with his ethnic culture no matter where he is living. The preservation of culture and ethnicity is the responsibility of the people belonging to that culture or ethnic group. A person should always be proud of his history and ethnicity. (Allison, 1, n. d) Western Society: It is considered that the western countries that are forming the western society are having a much modernized way of living. Their life style is pretty high as compared to the other countries of the world. Western society is mostly identified by the high levels of educated people and the modernized way of living. Western society is purely based on the modernized world and fashion and they are apparently not following any ethnic culture. The western society is totally moving ahead towards glamour, fashion and high levels of life styles. Many of the western society related people believe that ethnicity is of no value now. They consider people old fashioned if they are ethical. The western society follows the values that are set by their own. The western values include freedom, equality and modernism. All the European countries are basically western countries. (Western society, 1, n. d) Integration of Western Society and Ethnic Culture: In today’s world the ethnicity and culture are becoming so complex due to the integration of ethnic culture with the western society and as it is a known fact that western society keeps on changing and new trends and traditions are emerging in the western society. The integration of western society and ethnic culture is really a confused one as both are having different values and believes. The western society is very much impressed by the new innovations and developments. This is the age of globalization and developments and the ethnic culture is obviously lacking the innovative approach as well as it does not present any independent system. The ethnic culture is totally dependant over the customs and traditions that were set by their ancestors. Although the western society is having their own values and are just concerned with the independence and innovation but still the presence of ethnicity in the western society can not be denied because no matter to which direction the society is moving but the basis were obviously the ethnic culture of Europe. The ethnic culture has provided the roots from where the society started to flourish so the ethnicity can not be denied. Every culture and society does posses some root culture or tradition and the western society also follow the ethnic culture of Europe. But apart from the development and innovations it is recommended that the ethnicity should also be protected. (Bazieva, 1, 1998) Ethnicity can be defined as the perception of a person about himself by being a member of an ethnic group having some history and attitude to follow. Ethnic culture continues to develop and it is not a static process. Ethnicity develops by adapting a process of observing the ethnic culture for some period of time and then exploring many new things and making their relation with the changes that are being made in society today. So in this way developments in ethnic cultures are being made. Although the western societies are hardly following any ethnic culture but whatever they are doing in the world today they always integrate their modern doings with their ethnic cultures. So with the integration of ethnic cultures in to the western society it can not be said that the ethnic cultures have lost their identities because even in today’s modernized western society still the people want to show some history of their ethnic culture in all of their changing trends some how. But the main thing is that how can the ethnic cultures and western society can merge together as they are two quite different ways of living. If both the cultures are integrating then again there will be some people who would not be able to manage. The integration of ethnic culture with western society obviously provides bicultural environment in which in most of the cases it has been observed that ethnic culture never loses its identity instead the ethnic culture comes first always. When the ethnic culture is being mingled up with the western society then according to the Sommers, â€Å"Understanding the process and components of the ethnic identification is valuable. In addition, it may also help to prevent numerous psychological dysfunctions related to identity confusion† This statement illustrates that the integration of ethnic culture and western society is possible but it is necessary that the elements of ethnic culture should be understood properly and also should be preserved as they have got a lot of value because they belong to their background and history and also have been shared by their forefathers. The elements and characteristics of ethnic identity and culture are very much valuable assets for any individual that he should keep safe through out his life no matter where is he living and how. It is not bad to adapt some thing new or to be modernized but the main thing is that one should never forget his ethnicity. If the ethnic identities are getting mixed up or lost then it also can create serious mental confusions for a person and he will be confused that what he should adapt or what he should not so the ethnic culture should never be ignored. (Huang, 1, 1996) Obviously the western culture has got a lot of differences if it is compared with the ethnic culture and every ethnic culture is different from the other then still in these situations if the adaptation or integration of ethnic and western cultures occur then a lot of struggle is required to bridge the gap between the two cultures. This amalgamation some times also creates conflicts between the groups of people because in this modernized society there are many people who do not believe in ethnicity and also do not respect their history and background so the people who are in favor of ethnicity get hurt by this thing and such a situation creates the situation of conflicts. In this diversified world it is not possible to avoid the amalgamation of different cultures in to the modern world so the bond between different cultures is getting necessary but the main thing is to highlight the ethnic values and believes so that the up coming generations do not completely forget the values of their fore fathers. If the ethnic values are not presented clearly then the upcoming generations will never be able to understand their history and culture. There should be always space for all the ethnic cultures when they are being adapted by the western society. The western society should not adapt it in such a way that the ethnic culture looses its identity. There should always be a balance between the different cultures; which means that the attitudes, identity, beliefs and values should never be ignored. If the different identities are maintained then the integration of western society and ethnic cultures will never create any issue like loss of identity and so on but if the ethnic values are being ignored then this will lead to some loss as the values that are given by the elders are always helpful in all the aspects. Basically the integration of cultures never makes any culture to loose its values and beliefs until and unless the people who are following that culture are also respecting the customs and traditions set by their ethnic culture. The adaptation of modernization is not some thing wrong but the thing is to preserve your ethnicity and develop your society by keeping in mind your ethnic culture and new customs and traditions should be introduced only by having the background in the mind. (Boulding, 1, 1998)